What approaches have psychologists used to study personality traits? How many
personality traits are there?
What will be an ideal response?
The answer should describe Allport's "dictionary" approach, Cattell's and Eysenck's use
of factor analysis, and use of the NEO-PI-R. The next part of the answer should discuss the
different numbers and kinds of traits that each theory includes. The strong answer will point out
that the personality dimensions of extroversion and neuroticism are common to both Eysenck's
model and the five-factor model.
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John suffers from chronic anxiety. He tends to worry constantly and is uncomfortable in a wide variety of situations. He decides to seek therapy. John put considerable thought into what he wants to gain from therapy, believing that if he can learn to calm himself down when he finds himself in anxiety-producing situations (like taking a psychology exam), he will be better able to cope. Based on
John's beliefs, he is MOST likely to seek a therapist who emphasizes the ____ approach. a. behavior therapy b. biomedical therapy c. insight therapy d. emotion therapy
A child who cleans up their room to avoid losing a privilege is operating at the _____ level of Kohlberg's theory
a. conventional c. nonconventional b. post conventional d. preconventional
Research that asks individuals to indicate alcohol use during the previous one-month period has found that alcohol use is highest among
A. Hispanics. B. Asian Americans. C. Caucasian Americans. D. people with multiracial backgrounds.
Andersen and Bem (1981) conducted a variation of the getting-acquainted telephone study by Snyder, Elizabeth Tanke, and Berscheid (1977)
Andersen and Bem provided attractive and unattractive photos of men to women who interacted with men at the other end of a telephone. What would you expect happened when the women thought that the men with whom they were speaking were the men in the photos? a. The female participants did not fall prey to the self-fulfilling prophecy as did men in previous studies. b. The results were similar to studies in which men were provided the photos. c. The men on the other end did not change their behaviors in response to the women's differential treatment. d. Because the men controlled the conversations, the self-fulfilling prophecy did not occur.