Men who enter female-dominated fields tend to be promoted to administrative positions more quickly than their female colleagues, illustrating
A) The wage gap
B) The glass escalator
C) The glass ceiling
D) The dual labor market
Answer: B
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Lois Benjamin's research on the life experiences of high-achieving African
Americans suggests that a. race has little to do with the life experiences of successful people. b. racism remains a burden even among privileged African Americans. c. race is now more of a barrier to African Americans than ever before in U.S. history. d. racism mainly affects lower-class African Americans.
When an individual decides not to commit a crime because he has been punished we call that:
a. general deterrence b. recidivism c. specific deterrence d. target hardening
Which of these is NOT one of sociologist William Gamson's four possible outcomes of social movement activities?
a. The social movement may achieve its goals and win acceptance as a legitimate organization. b. The goals of the social movement may be co-opted by winning social approval in the absence of any significant change. c. The programs of social movement organizations may be preempted by authorities who adopt their agenda but denigrate and ridicule the organization that originated them. d. The goals of the movement may be achieved although the majority of people are still not in favor of them.
Which of the following modern institutions did Anthony Giddens describe as a military power that grows out incorporating machinery and technology into instruments of war?
a. Capitalism b. Industrialism c. Surveillance capacities d. Control of the means of violence