For her senior thesis, Nancy surveys fellow students about cheating. Her findings suggest that cheating is virtually non-existent on her campus This is not consistent with the fact that, in the past semester, two dozen students have been found guilty by the Honor Board of cheating. Which of the following explanations would fall under the heading of "reactivity?"
a. Nancy's data were a "one shot" picture, and therefore could not be too accurate
b. the questions on Nancy's survey probably were not phrased well enough to collect accurate data
c. it is known that participants in research like to present themselves as positively as possible, so students that cheated probably lied and did not report their cheating on the survey
d. Nancy's survey was confounded by being too demanding
C
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Which of the following is NOT an argument for adding the initiative process to the Texas Constitution?
A) Citizens cannot affect public policy in a direct manner under the existing Constitution. B) The threat of an initiative would force office holders to be more responsive to the public. C) Provisions in the current Texas constitution often reflect narrow interests. D) Texans pay little attention to the actions of elected officials now. E) Interest groups play a major role in policy development and implementation.
When Franklin Roosevelt was inaugurated in 1933, 25 percent of the labor force was unemployed
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Lobbyists use their contacts and expertise to persuade office holders to vote their way
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Choosing a topic and forming the conversation and all messages around that topic is an example of which news management technique?
a. tight control of access to the politician b. tight control of information c. an effort to bypass the White House press corps d. prepackaging the news in sound bites