Which nursing intervention will be most effective when assisting the patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) to make appropriate dietary changes?
a. Give the patient a list of low-sodium, low-cholesterol foods that should be included in the diet.
b. Emphasize the increased risk for heart problems unless the patient makes the dietary changes.
c. Help the patient modify favorite high-fat recipes by using monosaturated oils when possible.
d. Inform the patient that a diet containing no saturated fat and minimal salt will be necessary.
ANS: C
Lifestyle changes are more likely to be successful when consideration is given to the patient's values and preferences. The highest percentage of calories from fat should come from monosaturated fats. Although low-sodium and low-cholesterol foods are appropriate, providing the patient with a list alone is not likely to be successful in making dietary changes. Completely removing saturated fat from the diet is not a realistic expectation. Up to 7% of calories in the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) diet can come from saturated fat. Telling the patient about the increased risk without assisting further with strategies for dietary change is unlikely to be successful.
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