How was salinity measured before the use of salinometers?
a. Silver nitrate was used to measure the chlorinity
b. The mass of the salts were measured after water was evaporated
c. The conversion of sodium levels to salinity based on equations
d. Measure of conductivity
ANS: A
Marine chemists used silver nitrate to measure the chlorinity of a water sample. Equations were then
used measure convert the chlorinity to the salinity of the sample. The procedure is calibrated against a
known sample. Now salinometers are used by measuring the electrical conductivity. Information can
be found in the section Seawater Consists of Water and Dissolved Solids.
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