After initial infection, some infectious agents go into a dormancy, or ________, but may re-emerge to produce a recurrent disease state.
A) reservoir state
B) latency
C) symptomatic state
D) sequelae
Ans: B) latency
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Lampreys and salmon share a common behavior of being catadromous, meaning they migrate to freshwater to spawn
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The Heimlich maneuver is performed to forcibly
A) elevate the diaphragm. B) depress the diaphragm. C) squeeze the ribs. D) compress the intestines.
Different viruses have different properties that affect how the immune system responds to them and consequently how vaccines must be developed.Every year a new version of the flu vaccine is made using a mixture of strains. The strains are chosen based on surveillance and analysis by experts from the FDA, WHO, and CDC. For other diseases however, such as varicella (chickenpox), the same vaccine is used continually and repeated vaccinations are not necessary. What do you conclude is the important difference between the influenza virus and the varicella zoster virus with regards to vaccinations?
A. Influenza envelope proteins are bound by IgM, while varicella envelope proteins are bound by IgG. B. Influenza virus is transmitted through aerosol droplets in the air, while varicella can be transmitted via skin secretions. C. Influenza virus has a much higher mutation rate than varicella, leading to frequent antigen changes in the coat proteins. D. Varicella is attacked by the innate immune system, while influenza is attacked by the acquired immune system.
All of the following pertain to Neisseria meningitidis, except
A) It causes serious meningitis B) It is a common cause of bacterial pneumonia C) It is more easily transmitted in day-care facilities, dorms, and military barracks D) Virulence factors include a capsule, pili, endotoxin, and IgA protease E) The reservoir is the nasopharynx of human carriers