Receptor molecules
A. are nonspecific.
B. are always lipids.
C. attach to the synaptic cleft.
D. determine whether a neurotransmitter will be excitatory or inhibitory.
E. are not attached to ligand-gated channels.
D
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Which of the following is not an example of interaction between cell mediated immunity and innate immunity?
A. Cytokines secreted by helper T cells stimulate inflammation. B. Macrophages of innate immunity present antigens to cytotoxic T cells. C. Cytokines secreted by helper T cells stimulate phagocytosis. D. Macrophage of innate immunity present antigens to helper T cells.
Considering cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure (AP), and total peripheral resistance (PR), the relationship among flow, pressure, and resistance could be expressed as which of the following?
a. CO/AP= 1/PR b. AP= CO * PR c. CO= AP/PR d. all of the listed responses are correct
In emphysema, the lungs become overdistended with trapped air. Effective abdominal breathing is decreased. Describe the muscles involved when breathing becomes an active process, such as a patient who has emphysema.
What will be an ideal response?
What are two general mechanisms by which autoimmune diseases could arise?
What will be an ideal response?