A _____ design presents a treatment between two measures of the dependent variable. All participants experience all of these events
a. pretest-posttest c. between groups design
b. repeated treatments d. all of these
A
In the pretest-posttest design, all participants take the pretest, then get the treatment, then take the posttest.
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Transitivity is best defined as
a. the necessary relations among elements in a series. b. understanding one's own mental limitations. c. private, mental speech. d. the ability to convert an object into a mental image.
If an individual's wishes are overgratified or undergratified at any particular psychosexual stage, Freud would argue that ____ will occur.
A. projection B. fixation C. displacement D. Freudian slips
The primary advantage of a stratified random sample is that it ____
a. ensures that group sizes will be adequate for statistical analysis b. provides a sample that is guaranteed to be representative of the population c. ensures that no single group is over-represented in the sample d. does not require pre-existing knowledge about the population
Which drawback of a token economy is less of a concern when used to control behavior in a prison?
A. Token economies often lead to rapid extinction when the reward is not presented. B. The gap between behavior and eventual primary reinforcers can be bridged. C. This method allows for immediate reinforcement of desired behavior. D. Token economies are effective when trying to control the behavior of entire groups.