The pioneer(s) of providing outcomes-based care is (are) ____
a. Army nurses
b. Florence Nightingale
c. Public health nurses
d. Virginia Henderson
B
Using data collection and analysis and care process improvement techniques specific to nursing care, Florence Nightingale reduced the mortality rate in a military hospital in the Crimea from 60% to 1% (Kalisch & Kalisch, 1978). She is regarded as the founder of nursing outcomes mea-surement and management.
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The primary muscles of respiration include the:
a. Diaphragm and intercostals. b. Sternomastoids and scaleni. c. Trapezii and rectus abdominis. d. External obliques and pectoralis major.
A patient has a diagnosis of heart failure. When the nurse walks into his room he is leaning over his bedside table and is short of breath. The medical term to describe his respiratory status is
a. orthopnea. b. dyspnea. c. dysrhythmia. d. disorientation.
What is measured during incentive spirometry?
a. The amount of oxygen in the blood b. The amount of oxygen in hemoglobin c. The amount of air inhaled d. The amount of air exhaled
When discussing the functional unit of the kidney, what term should the nurse use?
a. Calyx b. Nephron c. Collecting duct d. Pyramid