According to Gernsbacher's (1997) Structure Building Framework, which sentence of a paragraph do people usually read most slowly, and why?
a. the first, because they are laying a foundation for the ideas that follow
b. the last, because they are integrating the meanings of the individual statements
c. the first, because they are adjusting their comprehension to the difficulty-level and style of the author
d. the last because it summarizes information in the preceding sentences
A
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What is the "mere measurement effect"?
a. The tendency for your scores to fluctuate, even if you prepare equally well each time b. The increased tendency to do something after estimating your probability of doing it c. The tendency to try harder whenever you know that someone is watching you d. The tendency to forget something after you have recorded a measurement of it
Owen and colleagues (2006) conducted research on a young woman who had been in a vegetative state for five months. When she was asked to imagine visiting rooms of her house, she
a. awakened from the vegetative state. b. remained in the state, but spoke aloud stating which rooms she was visiting. c. had a brain that responded in the same manner as a healthy brain would respond. d. showed no measurable neurological reaction to the stimulation.
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1 A positive correlation between smoking and mental illness is evidenced by the fact that people who smoke are more likely to have a mental illness 2 Cause and effect cannot be demonstrated by observing natural correlations 3 When a correlation is observed between two variables, it is possible that one variable is causing the other 4 The matched samples technique attempts to eliminate the third-variable problem by holding it constant for each participant 5 Matched samples effectively rule out specific third-variable correlations, but matched pairs do not
A biography of a famous psychologist describes her perspective as eclectic. Which statement is most likely to describe this person?
a) She focuses on unconscious experiences. b) Her views combine several different perspectives. c) Her research focuses on the causes of mental illness. d) She is especially concerned about ethical issues in psychology.