Describe the primary focus of each of the theoretical paradigms of realism, liberalism, feminism, Marxism, constructivism, and foreign policy analysis. Then provide an example of a question that might be asked from each paradigm about the results of a country’s recent national election.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

You should accurately explain the foci of the various paradigms and provide a probable question related to each one. Sample answers follow:
Realism revolves around the issue of conflict and power and stresses the role of states pursuing their self-interests. Realists might ask how newly elected officials’ policies will empower their nation to advantageously bargain with its rivals.
Liberalism tends to emphasize cooperative approaches and include the role and influence of non-state actors. A liberal might ask how the newly elected officials will try to break down barriers and provide humanitarian assistance to third-world regimes.
Constructivism builds on the social construction of reality and stresses the role of the identity, ideas, culture, norms and interactions of people. A constructivist might ask howthe newly elected officials’ policies will be received by voters in traditional communities.
Foreign policy analysis emphasizes the individuals and groups who make decisions, and the processes and policies that they produce. A foreign policy analyst might ask how the newly elected officials will go about setting a new trade policy.
Marxism stresses class-based economic interests and the role of wealth and who controls it as the key to behavior. A Marxist might ask how the newly elected officials’ policies will empower labor unions.
Feminism focuses on gender issues and approaches and asks what the world would be like if it were not historically dominated by men. A feminist might ask how the newly elected officials’ policies will affect women’s access to healthcare.