Define jurisdiction. Define venue. What is the difference between venue and jurisdiction? What is the relationship between state and federal jurisdiction?

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Answer 1

Jurisdiction is the authority of the court to hear and decide a specific action. Jurisdiction is important because without it, a court cannot hear a case. Venue is the geographical district in which an action is tried and from which the jury is selected. Thus, venue is concerned with the most appropriate location for a trial. For example, two state courts may have the authority to exercise jurisdiction over a case, but it may be more appropriate or convenient to hear the case in one court than in the other. The difference between venue and jurisdiction is that jurisdiction has to do with whether a court has the authority to hear a case, while venue is concerned with the most appropriate location for a trial.
The relationship between state and federal jurisdiction may be one of either concurrent jurisdiction or exclusive jurisdiction. When both federal and state courts have the power to hear a case, as is true in suits involving diversity of citizenship, concurrent jurisdiction exists. When cases can be tried only in federal courts or only in state courts, exclusive jurisdiction exists. State courts have exclusive jurisdiction over all matters that are not subject to federal jurisdiction, such as family law and probate law.