Unpolarized light passes through three ideal polarizing filters. The first filter is oriented with a horizontal transmission axis, the second one has its transmission axis at 30° from the horizontal,
and the third filter has a vertical transmission axis. What percent of the light gets through this combination?
A) 9.4%
B) 91%
C) 50%
D) 0%
E) 33%
A
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In a Voigt solid with an elastic modulus of 1 GPa, if a stress of 1 MPa is applied for a long time and then removed for a long time, the total strain is equal to _________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Two charged particles held close to each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle increases. Therefore, the particles
a. Opposite signs. b. The same sign. c. Charges cannot be determined.
Suppose I push a block along a tabletop at a constant velocity. If I exert a constant forward force of 
on the block and push it through a distance D, I do work on the block equal to ?F?D. Since the block’s kinetic energy does not change, friction must be exerting a backward force on the block of the same magnitude as 
(so that the net force on the block is zero, as required to maintain the block’s constant velocity). What work does the friction force do on the block?
A. No work
B. ? 
D
C. + D
D. Some negative work, but we need more information to determine exactly how much.
E. Some positive work, but we need more information to determine exactly how much.
Which of the following is not consistent with the major hallmarks of science?
A) A scientific model must make testable predictions. B) Science progresses through the creation and testing of models that explain observation as simply as possible. C) Scientific explanations should be based solely on natural causes. D) Science consists of proven theories that are understood to be true explanations of reality.