A nurse considers the effects of biology and environment, or nature and nurture, on the devel-opment of mental illness when providing care for clients with mental illness. Which nursing mod-el/theory is being applied?
a. Community mental health model
b. Holistic model
c. Systems theory
d. Diathesis-stress model
ANS: D
The diathesis-stress model integrates the effects of biology and environment on the development of mental illness. Certain genes or genetic combinations produce a predisposition to a disorder. When an environmental stressor challenges an individual with a predisposition to a disorder, the expression of a mental disorder may result. The community health model is the primary method of care for people with serious and persistent mental illness. This model includes team care, case management, outreach, and a variety of rehabilitative and recovery approaches to help prevent exacerbations of illness. The systems theory uses a holistic view, which emphasizes the relation-ship between the elements of a unit and the whole. An understanding of the whole occurs through the examination of interactions and relationships that exist between the parts.
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