If you had the ability to genetically engineer a pathogenic bacterium, what features would you include? Choose a portal of entry and a portal of exit for your pathogen. Then choose three virulence factors from at least two the following areas: toxins,
adhesins, invasins, acquisition of nutrients, and avoidance of the immune system, and describe how each factor will help your bacterium survive in the host. Your virulence factors should make sense for the portals of entry and exit that you chose.
What will be an ideal response?
Answers to this question will be highly variable dependent upon student choice. The portals of entry and exit should be logically connected (for example, if the student chooses a gastrointestinal portal of entry such as the mouth, they should also choose a gastrointestinal portal of exit). When a selected virulence factor has a specific tissue or cellular target, this should also align to the portal of entry.
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Which statement describes the role of photosynthesis in an ecosystem?
a. Primary producers convert chemical energy to light energy. b. Primary consumers rely directly on light energy. c. Primary producers convert light energy to chemical energy as a service to the ecosystem, not for their own gain. d. Primary consumers rely on primary producers to make light energy available in a usable form. e. Primary producers are heterotrophs and thus make no contribution to the flow of energy into the ecosystem.
The Hayflick limit describes ____
a. the size limit to which a cell can grow b. the number of divisions a cultured cell can undergo c. the largest number of chromosomes an organism can possess d. the most cells an organism can have e. how rapidly DNA replication can occur
Even though bacteria lack membrane-bound organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria, they
can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain metabolic enzymes on: a. the nuclear membranes. b. the endoplasmic reticulum. c. the plasma membrane. d. ribosomes. e. the cell wall.
What causes the furrow during cleavage?
A) It is a depression caused by the formation of a new cell wall. B) A ring of contractile protein fibers pinches the cell in two. C) Connecting proteins that had been binding adjacent cells together now dissolve. D) A loss of water occurs.