Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. The theories in this chapter reflect one understanding of the term theory.
2. When attempting to explain white collar crime, only the explanation of criminalization is required.
3. The earliest explanation of criminality could be called demonic, or spiritualistic.
4. Meso-level factors focus upon individual propensities and choices.
5. In a spiritualistic perspective white collar crime could be regarded as reflecting a “sacred void” in the face of relentless secular and materialist forces.


1. FALSE
2. FALSE
3. TRUE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE

Criminal Justice

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Which of the following is not a concern of the evidence collector?

a. Maintaining the chain of custody b. Utilizing the proper packaging material for evidence c. Labeling evidence d. Determining the natural variations that exist in physical evidence

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Selection bias occurs when the researcher chooses nonequiva lent groups for comparison

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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In Forst's view, a(n) __________ of justice can be one that favors the accused (e.g., by allowing him or her to escape apprehension) or that goes against him or her (e.g., by carrying out a wrongful execution)

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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Statutes generally provide that whoever commands, encourages, or requests another to commit an offense is guilty of _______________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word.

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