When adults are working with young children, they often provide a lot of hints, assistance, instruction, and other support to help the children succeed. Then, as the children demonstrate that they can do more for themselves, the adults begin to withdraw their hints, assistance, and instruction. This shows that the adults are often aware of children's
A. range of cognitive evaluation.
B. level of metacognition.
C. ability to engage in private speech.
D. zone of proximal development.
Answer: D
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Regarding mindfulness and meditation, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Mindfulness occurs when we are "spaced out" in those occasional moments of reduced awareness that we experience each day. b. Cancer patients who are taught mindfulness meditation have lower levels of distress. c. In general, mindfulness is associated with self-knowledge and well-being. d. Mindfulness involves an open, non-judgmental awareness of current experience.
On Fridays, you know that you can dress casually for work, but on Wednesdays when the corporate executive usually drops by, you know you should dress in your best suit. This illustrates
a. operant stimulus discrimination. b. delayed reinforcement. c. classical conditioning. d. operant stimulus generalization.
Sophia excels at solving crossword puzzles. Within the context of the three-level hierarchy of mental ability, Sophia probably scores the HIGHEST in which middle-level ability?
A) visual perception B) memory C) reasoning D) verbal skill
A major strength of the longitudinal design is that researchers can __________
A) examine relationships between early and later behaviors B) collect a large amount of data in a short time span C) explore similarities among children of different cohorts D) study participants differing in age at the same point in time