Bacterial infections that reach the kidneys can result in which serious complication?
A) malignancies of the kidney
B) bacteremia as bacteria use the renal blood vessels to enter wider circulation
C) bacteremia, impaired renal function, and malignancies
D) impaired renal function due to scar tissue
E) bacteremia and impaired renal function
Answer: E
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Propose a valid reason to explain why is it critical that the K+ channel activation gate responds slightly slower to depolarization than the Na+ channel activation gate.
A. If both gates showed identical response times, movements of Na+ and K+ ions would cancel out each other's effects on membrane potential changes. B. If both gates showed identical response times, movements of Na+ and K+ ions would magnify each other's effects on membrane potential changes, creating dangerously large action potentials. C. It is not critical and there would be no change in action potential characteristics if this difference in response time did not exist. D. The conformational change in one gate is necessary to trigger the activation of the other.
During which of the following phases of mitosis do sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell?
a. prophase b. anaphase c. metaphase d. telophase
Which reactant of aerobic respiration is oxidized?
a. water b. oxygen c. glucose d. energy e. carbon dioxide
Researchers have been able to study the pathway of a secreted protein by "tagging" it with a fluorescent marker. Using this method, you would observe fluorescence moving from the ER to which organelle?
A) Plasma membrane B) Lysosome C) Nuclear membrane D) Mitochondria E) Golgi apparatus