The results of the experiment run by Tolman and Honzik in 1930 indicate that:
a. sunflower seeds are more powerful reinforcers than bran mash
b. without reinforcement of some type, animals learn practically nothing
c. animals learn constantly but only translate what has been learned into behavior when there is an incentive to
do so
d. different species of animals learn according to different learning principles
c. animals learn constantly but only translate what has been learned into behavior when there is an incentive to
do so
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Martin looks at his class syllabus and notices that his professor will lecture today on the work of Noam Chomsky. What is most likely to be the focus of the lecture?
a. Discussion of an innate mechanism in the brain for learning language b. Suggestions for how teachers and parents can encourage children to attempt to use language c. A focus on circumstances in the environment that support language development d. Comparing and contrasting biological and environmental influences on language development e. Debate over whether intelligence is composed of a single factor or multiple factors
Carl is teaching his dogs to jump through a hoop. At the onset of training, Carl gives the dogs treats for each movement toward the hoop. Then, he only gives them treats when they near the hoop. Later, he waits until they jump through the hoop before giving them treats. In this scenario, Carl reinforces _____ of the goal
A) the extinction B) successive approximations C) free associations D) the regularization
Individuals who had been mistreated as children and did NOT have a particular form of the MAO-A gene were ______ likely to be violent and engage in a variety of antisocial behaviors as adults compared with individuals who had been mistreated as children and had the particular form of the MAO-A gene.
a. more b. less c. just as d. very
A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called _____
a) a representative sample. b) a case study. c) a single-blind study. d) a naturalistic observation.