Unlike Piaget, Vygotsky
A) emphasized children's capacity to shape their own development.
B) viewed cognitive development as a socially mediated process.
C) believed that children undergo certain stagewise changes.
D) focused on discontinuous change.
Answer: B
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According to recent research (Johnson et al., 2000), an increased risk of developing anxiety disorders was found among teenagers who a. smoked marijuana. b. smoked cigarettes. c. drank alcohol
d. used steroids.
Learning always involves the acquisition of new behaviors
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following is true about children's gender stereotyping?
a. Children become more traditional in their stereotyping of activities, jobs, and personality traits throughout childhood. b. It does not typically begin until approximately age 6. c. It is more common among girls than boys. d. It is less common than the media portrays.
How do we distinguish learning from maturation?
a) Learning occurs before maturation. b) Experience is not necessary for maturation to occur. c) Only primates learn, but maturation occurs in all species. d) Learning is a relatively permanent change, whereas maturation fluctuates.