The "master control genes" that regulate other genes and determine what body parts will develop in which locations are called ________
A) enhancers
B) homeotic genes
C) oncogenes
D) operons
B
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Nicotine from cigarette smoke acts as a ligand and associates with specific proteins on the surface cells in the brain, causing feelings of pleasure and well-being. Below are the events that happen in the cellular response to nicotine
Place the events in the correct order to describe the five basic steps in the pathway of a signal transduction system. A. receptor binding B. receptor activation C. signal transduction D. response E. termination The opening of an ion channel as a result of nicotine association is an example of _________________. ________________ occurs when an influx of ions causes an action potential, which carries the signal to the reward areas of the brain. Nicotine interaction with the transmembrane protein that normally binds the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is an example of _________________. ________________ occurs when the signal causes release of dopamine in the brain, which causes relaxation and feelings of well-being. Rapid elimination of nicotine from the body is an example of ____________. What will be an ideal response?
A faster than normal heart rate is called
a. tachycardia. b. bradycardia. c. hypocardia. d. hypercardia. e. bradykinin.
A group of lineages?such as viral strains?that all descend from a common ancestor makes up a ________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Cells are differentiated after which step in the Gram stain?
a. Alcohol-acetone b. Iodine c. Crystal violet d. Safranin