A friend tells you that vintners use yeast that produce alcohol to turn grape juice into wine. He also observes that wine must still have living yeast in it because vintners don't pasteurize wine to kill the yeast. To make wine himself, he explains, he
added wine to grape juice with the expectation that the yeast would turn the juice into wine. It didn't work, and your friend wonders why not. In terms of population ecology, what can you explain to your friend about the death of his yeast?
What will be an ideal response?
Vintners do not have to kill the yeast in their wines because the yeast have already died. The death of yeast in wine is a classic case of exponential growth hitting hard against environmental resistance. The alcohol that yeasts produce as they ferment the sugars in grape juice are toxic at high levels and cause the population to collapse. Your friend's experiment did not work because the wine he added to his grape juice did not contain living yeast.
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