The nurse identifies characteristics of buffer regulation as including:(Select all that apply) Standard Text: Select all that apply
1. The body's buffering system is more acid than base
2. Buffers neutralize excess acids or bases
3. Buffers are the last defense against acid-base balance changes in the body
4. The main buffer pair is sodium bicarbonate and carbonic acid
5. The pH remains within its normal range as long as a ration of 20 parts of bicarbonate to 1 part of carbonic acid
2,4,5
Rationale: The body's buffering system is more base than acid, due to the strong tendency toward acidity because acids are continually produced during metabolism
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a. CA-125 test b. Transrectal ultrasound c. Needle biopsy of the prostate d. MRI
A patient has been admitted to the postsurgical nursing unit after surgery. The health care provider has ordered the patient to have an IV of 0.9% sodium chloride. The nurse who is caring for the patient recognizes this as what type of solution?
a. Hypotonic b. Isotonic c. Hypertonic d. Hypnotic
Of the following, the biggest disadvantage of having nursing assistive personnel (NAP) help nurses is that the nurse:
1) Must know what aspects of care can legally and safely be delegated to the NAP. 2) May rely too heavily on information gathered by the NAP when making patient-care decisions. 3) Is removed from many components of direct patient care that have been delegated to the NAP. 4) Still maintains responsibility for the patient care given by the NAP.
Which of the following factors makes bladder training difficult for elderly clients with neurologic deficit?
A) Urinary incontinence B) Urinary retention C) Decreased energy expenditure D) Relaxation of the internal bladder sphincter