Discuss the distinctions between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced grading, focusing on the following points: basic assumptions, type of comparisons being made, and distribution of grades

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Norm-referenced grading is discussed on pages 521-523.
Basic assumptions: Norm-referenced grading is based on the absence of measurable external criteria.
Comparisons: Grades are determined by comparing each student's level of performance with the normal or average level of performance given by other, similar students.
Distribution: You may or may not obtain a normal distribution with this type of grading. The grades are very likely to be spread out along a continuum rather than be bunched together.
Criterion-referenced grading is discussed on pages 523-525.
Basic assumptions: You must be able to determine whether a student has met a clearly defined standard regarding stated criteria.
Comparisons: Each student's performance is compared with a standard. The comparison focuses on determining the amount of the total criteria that the student achieved. The performance of other students is irrelevant to this process. Distribution: The grade distribution is likely to be highly negatively skewed. More people achieve mastery than fail, if instruction has been effective.