A school-aged child is living with a chronic disease process. How would the nurse anticipate chronic illness will effect growth and development? (Select all that apply.)

a. Delayed bonding with parents
b. Delayed toilet training
c. Impaired sense of belonging
d. Decreased feelings of independence
e. Impaired speech development


ANS: C, D
A school-age child is in the stage of industry versus inferiority. A chronic illness might experience loss of grade level in school because of illness and inability to participate or compete can lead to sense of inferiority. Sense of independence and accomplishment can be lost. Being different from peers may impede child's sense of belonging.

Nursing

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a. Brain b. Lung c. Kidney d. Liver

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