What is the mechanism of action of osmotic agents when used to decrease IOP?
a. Promoting outflow of the aqueous humor into the tear ducts
b. Increasing plasma osmolarity and drawing extracellular fluid into the blood
c. Blocking production of aqueous humor
d. Decreasing viscosity of the tears and allowing fluid to drain away from the eye
ANS: B
Osmotic agents elevate the osmotic pressure of the plasma, causing fluid from the extravascular spaces to be drawn into the blood. The effect on the eye is reduction of volume of intraocular fluid, which produces a decrease in IOP. Osmotic agents do not promote flow of aqueous humor into tear ducts, block production of aqueous humor, or decrease viscosity of tears.
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