A client diagnosed with diabetes insipidus is suffering from severe hypernatremia. The nurse anticipates the use of which type of intravenous solution?
1. A hypertonic crystalloid
2. A hypotonic crystalloid
3. An isotonic crystalloid
4. Albumin
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Hypertonic crystalloids will raise the serum osmolality, likely making this client's hypernatremia worse.
Rationale 2: Hypotonic crystalloids are indicated for clients with hypernatremia and cellular dehydration.
Rationale 3: An isotonic crystalloid contains sodium. This solution could worsen the client's hypernatremia.
Rationale 4: Albumin is a colloid. It will increase the plasma tonicity and is not indicated for use in clients with severe hypernatremia.
Global Rationale: Hypotonic crystalloids are indicated for clients with hypernatremia and cellular dehydration. Hypertonic crystalloids will raise the serum osmolality, likely making this client's hypernatremia worse. An isotonic crystalloid contains sodium. This solution could worsen the client's hypernatremia. Albumin is a colloid. It will increase the plasma tonicity and is not indicated for use in clients with severe hypernatremia.
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