Vygotsky's term for the situation in which a child carries out tasks with the help of someone who is more skilled is the ____.
A. region of apt instruction
B. area of structured learning
C. zone of proximal development
D. perimeter of mentored knowledge
Answer: C
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What typically occurs when the schedule of reinforcement is switched from continuous (under which Sniffy was fully trained) to a VR-5 as in Exercise 32?
a. Responding rapidly declines to almost zero, due to extinction. b. The bar-sound association and action strength decrease, then increase. c. The sound-food association and action strength decrease, then increase. d. The bar-sound and sound-food associations both decrease, then increase.
Ordinarily, stimulation of a neuron takes place ____.
A. through hyperpolarization B. at the synapse C. in the mitochondria D. in the endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following is NOT a variable that contributes to the tendency to approach achievement situations?
a. motive for success b. motive to avoid failure c. motive for internality d. probability of success
Which of the following is true about cross-cultural differences in personality?
A) There is no relationship between culture and personality. B) Most cultures do not have the same Big Five personality factors. C) Only individuals from Western cultures share the same Big Five personality factors. D) While most cultures share the same Big Five personality factors, the prevalence of each trait often differs.