In 2004 the U.S. Supreme Court held that a witness's out-of-court statement could not be introduced at a criminal unless the witness was unavailable and the defendant had a prior opportunity to cross-examine the witness. The basis of the Court's ruling was _____________
a. the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
b. the common-law rules of evidentiary privilege
c. the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
d. the Confrontation Clause, which provides that "[i]n all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right ... to be confronted with the witnesses against him."
D
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An arrested suspect is read Miranda warnings while in custody and says she wishes to speak to a lawyer. Questioning then ceases. Which of the following statements is INACCURATE (assume the suspect does not try to initiate conversation in A, C, and D)
A. The suspect may not be interrogated further by a different officer in the police agency who was unaware of the suspect's request to see a lawyer. B. The suspect may be interrogated further if she says, while being escorted to the jail, "Well, what is going to happen to me now?" C. The suspect may be interrogated, without her attorney present, after she had an opportunity to visit with her lawyer. D. The suspect may be interrogated in the presence of her attorney
A prisoner (P) is transferred to a jail for preliminary hearings in regard to a serious prison assault. Police place an undercover officer in the cell with P, pretending to be a defendant. In their cell,
the undercover agent asks P if he ever killed anyone. P's admission is inadmissible in a murder trial. Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
_______ refers to the quality of police services delivered to various groups in the community
a. Efficiency c. Equity b. Effectiveness d. Accountability
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Up-and-down integration is a deductive model of integration. 2. Tittle’s theory asserts that a person is most likely to offend when he/she has a balance of control and being controlled. 3. Elliott’s integrated model is one of the most accepted models of theoretical synthesis. 4. Most empirical studies are in favor of Braithwaite’s reintegrative shaming theory. 5. Tittle did much of his theory testing via the National Youth Survey.