________ happens in the cytoplasm, whereas ________ happens in the mitochondrion
A) Aerobic respiration; anaerobic fermentation
B) Glycolysis; pyruvic acid reduction
C) Anaerobic fermentation; glycolysis
D) The citric acid (Krebs) cycle; mitochondrial electron-transport
E) Glycolysis; the citric acid (Krebs) cycle
E
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Almost ________ percent of the body's weight comes from its muscles.
A. 15 B. 50 C. 65 D. 80
As a person ages, exercise contributes to
A) inflammation of the muscles. B) faster aging due to exhaustion. C) an increased incidence of cancer. D) cumulative damage of tissues throughout the body. E) maintaining bone strength.
During the relative refractory period, an initial threshold-level depolarization is usually not sufficient to trigger an action potential. Why?
A) Some Na+ channels have returned to their resting position and K+ channels are still open, so Na+ entry is offset by K+ loss. B) Only some Na+ channels have returned to their resting position. C) Only K+ channels are still open, so Na+ entry is offset by K+ loss. D) The statement is incorrect; a threshold-level depolarization always triggers an action potential. E) Only a few K+ channels have returned to their resting position.
Individuals suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome have decreased numbers of circulating ________.
A. B lymphocytes B. macrophages C. regulatory T lymphocytes D. helper T lymphocytes