A client who has sickle-cell disease comes to the emergency room with fever, severe pain, and swollen and immobile joints. The nurse should recognize that the client's symptoms result from:
a. alcohol ingestion
b. inconsistent blood levels of prescribed daily medication
c. sickle-cell crisis
d. infection such as pneumonia
C
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder of hemoglobin abnormality that occurs most frequently in African Americans. Sickle-cell crisis can be precipitated by any situation that decreases oxygenation, including fatigue, infection, and emotional stress; when RBCs become sickled, they create circulatory problems caused by vessel obstruction and rupture, leading to chronic anemia. Symptoms include fatigue, jaundice, dyspnea, arrhythmias, and leg ulcers; symptoms of crisis include severe pain, fever, and decreased blood supply to various organs.
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The nursing instructor is explaining the function of the placenta in hormone production. Which hormones does the instructor include in this discussion? (Select all that apply.)
A. Estrogens B. Human chorionic gonadotropin C. Human placental lactogen D. Luteinizing hormone E. Progesterone
A 43-year-old woman was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis 2 years ago and has experienced a recent exacerbation of her symptoms, including muscle spasticity. Consequently, she has been prescribed Dantrolene (Dantrium)
In light of this new addition to her drug regimen, what teaching point should the woman's nurse provide? A) "This will likely relieve your muscle spasms but you'll probably develop a certain amount of dependence on the drug over time." B) "We'll need to closely monitor your blood sugar levels for the next week." C) "There's a small risk that you might experience some hallucinations in the first few days that you begin taking this drug." D) "You might find that this drug exacerbates some of your muscle weakness while it relieves your spasticity."
Which of the following clients is most at risk of developing postrenal azotemia?
A. 45-year-old female client diagnosed with renal calculi B. 73-year-old male client with congestive heart failure C. 55-year-old male client taking NSAIDs for arthritis pain D. 32-year-old female client recovering from glomerulonephritis
Ellis (2002) identified four irrational ideas which can lead to anger which are important for nurses to understand and recognize. Which of the following is not one of these four irrational ideas?
a. awfulizing b. can't-stand-it-itis c. shoulding and musting d. blaming and damning others