Which of the following conditions have been known to precipitate delirium in some individuals? (Select all that apply.)
1. Febrile illness
2. Seizures
3. Migraine headaches
4. Herniated brain stem
5. Temporomandibular joint syndrome
1, 2, 3
Rationale: Delirium most commonly occurs in individuals with serious medical, surgical, or neurological conditions. Some examples of conditions that have been known to precipitate delirium in some individuals include the following: systemic infections; febrile illness; metabolic disorders, such as hypoxia, hypercarbia, or hypoglycemia; hepatic encephalopathy; head trauma; seizures; migraine headaches; brain abscess; stroke; postoperative states; and electrolyte imbalance. A herniated brain stem would most likely result in death, not delirium. Temporomandibular joint syndrome is marked by limited movement of the joint during chewing, not delirium.
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