A patient is diagnosed with a positive tuberculosis skin test. The nurse understands that this response is due to what?
1. performing a cell-mediated inflammatory response
2. promoting phagocytosis of the antigen by neutrophils
3. clumping antigens to form a noninvasive aggregate
4. coating the antigen with antibodies
Correct Answer: 1
The cell-mediated response has memory, and subsequent exposures to an antigen result in a more rapid and effective inflammatory response. This memory provides the basis for skin testing. A patient previously exposed to tuberculosis develops a more pronounced inflammatory response when minute amounts are injected under the skin. The other choices are characteristics of an antibody-mediated immune response.
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What statement by a 61-year-old patient who is to take an antitussive with codeine indicates that the nurse's teaching has been effective?
A) "I will take this medication anytime I start to cough." B) "This medication may make me anxious and nervous." C) "I should call the physician if I develop nausea, diarrhea, or stomach cramps while taking this medication." D) "This medication can cause drowsiness, so I will avoid driving or using power equipment while I take it."
Individuals with delusions or hallucinations who are agitated and hyperactive may be experiencing
1. deafness. 2. delirium. 3. dementia. 4. depression.
Nurses understand that patients with dementia demonstrate all of the following except:
A) A lack of concentration B) A resistance to change C) An attention to personal care and appearance D) A preference to dwell in the past
A patient newly diagnosed with Chron's disease shares she is spending several hours each week on the Internet seeking information about the illness. The nurse can correctly hypothesize that this patient is initially:
a. engaged in a search for meaning. b. devising a new coping strategy. c. making a social attribution. d. making a social comparison.