The nurse explains that the pathology of Huntington's disease involves
a. a decrease in the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
b. an excess of the neurotransmitter dopamine.
c. destruction of white matter in the brain.
d. formation of neurofibrillary tangles and plaques.
B
The degeneration of the caudate nucleus leads to a reduction in several neurotransmitters, in-cluding gamma-aminobutyric acid, acetylcholine, substance P, and metenkephalin, and their synthetic enzymes. This change leaves relatively higher concentrations of the other neurotrans-mitters, dopamine and norepinephrine.
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A client reports awakening suddenly, sweating profusely, and having difficulty breathing. Which of these terms should the nurse record in the client's health history?
a. apnea c. orthopnea b. dyspnea d. paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
The nurse notes in the patient's medication history that the patient is taking cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril). Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
a. A musculoskeletal injury b. Insomnia c. Epilepsy d. Agitation
A patient with severe hypertension, identified to receive an investigative medication that has shown a dramatic decrease in blood pressure, has been told that his participation in the study is no longer needed
The patient is upset because he wanted to try the medication to control the blood pressure. Which of the following should the nurse do to support this patient? 1. Talk with the researchers about the patient's right to receive the investigational medication. 2. Explain to the patient that investigational medications hardly ever produce the desired results. 3. Tell the patient that he can participate some other time. 4. Help the patient understand that his participation "wasn't meant to be.".
A client with terminal cancer of the lung complains of being short of breath with bilateral crackles and wheezes, despite oxygen at 4 liters per minute via nasal cannula and diuretic therapy
What nursing interventions are appropriate for this client? (Select all that apply.) 1. Move the client to a room closer to the nurse's desk for closer observation 2. Help the client assume a position lying on the right side 3. Place a fan in the room to move air around the client 4. Change the client's oxygen therapy to a nonrebreathing mask Elevate the head of the client's bed to a Fowler's position