What is chemiosmosis, and how is it used to synthesize ATP? Use the following terms in your explanation: inner
mitochondria membrane, mitochondrial matrix, endergonic, exergonic, ADP, Pi, and NADH/FADH2 What will be an ideal response?
In chemiosmosis, the exergonic flow of electrons (donated by NADH and FADH2) down the
electron transport chain is used to pump protons from the mitochondrial matrix across the
inner mitochondrial membrane. The resulting proton gradient is used to drive the endergonic
reaction in which ADP reacts with Pi to form ATP.
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The ________ law of thermodynamics states that physical and chemical processes occur in such a way that randomness (disorder) increases to a maximum.
A. first B. fourth C. third D. second
The figure above represents
a. a chromosome in the G1 phase of interphase. b. two chromosomes in metaphase plate. c. an original chromosome with a duplicate. d. the entire genome of the organism. e. none of these.
Skeletal muscle contractions are under the control of
A. exocrine glands. B. the endocrine system. C. the endocrine and exocrine systems. D. the nervous system.
The most accurate description of an organism with genotype AaBb is
A. homozygous dominant. B. heterozygous. C. heterozygous dominant. D. homozygous recessive. E. heterozygous recessive.