What did Brunelleschi invent that changed art inextricably?
A) Linear perspective
B) Coffered ceilings
C) A dome construction that allowed the height of domes to increase exponentially without losing structural integrity
D) Internal ribbing for dome construction
E) Half engaged fluted columns
A
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Which characteristic was NOT shared by medieval towns and cities?
A. Many received charters of liberties by the 1100s and 1200s. B. Their location near transportation routes was essential. C. They were food-producing, self-sufficient units, in which commerce was secondary. D. Many were revived Roman cities whose size and populations grew as trade increased. E. New towns or cities were begun at strategically viable locations.
One of the most dramatic transformations in North American Indians' way of life after the Europeans arrived was the
a. Indians swift adaptation to urban existence. b. use of the horse to create highly mobile hunting societies. c. introduction of commercial trade in corn and potatoes with Europe. d. overturning of Indians' previously matriarchal social structure. e. steady growth in Indian population.
During the 11th century, what new architectural style featuring pointed arches and flying buttresses became dominant in Western Europe?
A) Romanesque B) Gothic C) Structuralism D) Baroque
Retreating British and French troops converged on ________ on the northern coast of France and were hastily ferried across the English Channel to safety.
A. Calais B. Dunkirk C. Dover D. Le Havre