Which of the following is representative of folate availability in foods?
a. Good sources are dairy products and meats
b. Poor sources are fruit juices and vegetable juices
c. Much of the vitamin is lost due to heat and oxidation
d. Only about 10% of the amount in foods is bioavailable
c
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Which of the following is NOT a vitamin?
A) biotin B) riboflavin C) choline D) pantothenic acid
All components of the electron transport chain are embedded in the ____
A) mitochondrial inner membrane B) ?mitochondrial outer membrane C) mitochondrial matrix D) ?cytoplasmic matrix
Mrs. Z is a 76 year old female who is seen by the internal medicine physician because she has been feeling very depressed. She also gets chronic migraines. The physician takes a full history from Mrs. Z, which reveals that several medications have been prescribed to her by a variety of specialists. It seems that each specialist neglected to pay attention to the meds that Mrs. Z was prescribed by
her other doctors and the potential drug-nutrient interactions. She also takes some daily health supplements. The physician's notes are as follows: Current Meds / Supplements Reason for Prescribing / Taking St. John's wort ............................... she read in a magazine that this helps with depression Slow Fe (iron supplement) ............ for prior anemia Warfarin ......................................... history of embolic stroke Omeprazole ................................... history of peptic ulcer Tums ............................................. chronic upset stomach Amoxicillin ................................... recent respiratory infection Doxazosin ..................................... incontinence Allegra .......................................... seasonal allergies Lipitor ........................................... high cholesterol Vitamin E ...................................... she heard it was good for heart disease Typical Daily Diet Breakfast: eggs, bacon, ½ grapefruit, fresh orange juice Lunch: hotdogs, sausages, or pepperoni sub, sliced tomatoes, cold tea Dinner: cooked spinach, chicken breast, mashed potatoes, hot tea What current med / supplement is Mrs. Z taking that likely results in diminished clinical effectiveness or increased dosage requirements for her other medications? a. Tums b. vitamin E c. St. John's wort d. slow iron e. tea
ML is 55-year-old white male with prior medical hx of hyperlipidemia and DM. His mother died at the age of 60 from colon cancer. During the last 4 weeks he has had symptoms of abdominal pain, he feels weak and fatigued, more and more often he feels his back ache, and he has noticed darkening of his urine and lighter-in-color stools. Also, he reports having episodes of nausea and vomiting and has
lost his appetite. ML has been losing weight during the last 5 weeks. All these symptoms led him to his doctor, who ordered a laboratory analysis. The doctor ordered a computed tomography (CT) and an ultrasound. To confirm diagnosis a biopsy was also performed. ML was diagnosed with ductal adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas – Stage III. Height: 5'7" Weight: 198# UBW: 220# The doctor ordered the administration of chemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and improvement of his nutritional condition before surgery (Whipple procedure). Other meds prescribed: Zofran, Duragesic, pancrealipase, regular insulin. Diet Order: NPO What percent of UBW is ML? a. 90% b. 134% c. 164% d. 87%