The presence of drop-down oxygen masks on airplanes represents the process of intervention research. During their development, a prototype was designed and refined. What was the final stage of the testing process for drop-down oxygen masks?
a. Testing of oxygen masks was initiated on several actual consumer airline flights.
b. An analysis was made of all notes made by the intervention team during meetings.
c. Oxygen masks already in use on commercial airlines were revised, according to the original protocol specifications.
d. Oxygen masks were tested in labs on human volunteers.
Ans: A
Advanced testing of the intervention occurs after sufficient evidence is available that the intervention is effective in achieving the desired outcomes. The model proposed by Forbes (2009) places this type of testing in phases III and IV, where the intervention is compared to standard of care interventions followed by replication studies with long-term follow-up of the intervention's effectiveness. Stage III of intervention testing might involve a single, well-designed study that indicates a satisfactory ES for an intervention, but often an intervention requires modification through additional studies. Replication studies ensure that an intervention is refined to create the desired effect in practice.
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