The following diagram represents what type of design? Group Subject selection Measurement Treatment Measurement Experimental R M T M Comparison NR M M
a. Posttest only design
b. Factorial design
c. Pretest-posttest control group design
d. Time series design
ANS: C
The pretest and posttest design with a comparison group is the most commonly used design in social science research. Subject selection is random (R) for only the experimental group, and non-random (NR) for the comparison group. Measurements for both groups (M) occur both before and after treatment. This quasi-experimental design is the first design discussed here that is generally interpretable. The uncontrolled threats to validity are primarily due to the absence of randomization and, in some studies, to the inability of the researcher to manipulate the treatment.
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When evaluating a patient's risk for spiritual crises, which of the following are part of the evaluation process? (Select all that apply.)
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