What is the major difference between the cell walls of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?
A. the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria contains mycolic acids
B. the peptidoglycan layer in gram-positive bacteria is substantially thicker
C. gram-positive bacteria may have a polysaccharide capsule as a covering
D. gram-positive bacteria contain a cytoplasmic membrane
E. all of the above are correct
Ans: B. the peptidoglycan layer in gram-positive bacteria is substantially thicker
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A DNA barcode is being developed for use in conservation biology based on ____
a. mitochondrial genes in plants b. chloroplast genes in plants c. nuclear genes in animals d. mitochondrial genes in animals e. bacterial genes
Which of the following is mismatched?
a. acetylcholine; muscle contraction b. endorphin; pain perception c. norepinephrine; fight-or-flight response d. serotonin; sexual function e. GABA; major inhibitor in the brain
Mutations of keratins in the ________ that resist tensile forces in the skin cause the blistering disease known as epidermolysis bullosa simplex
A) intermediate filaments B) microtubules C) microfilaments D) actin filaments E) crescentin filaments
Many bacteria carry plasmids containing bacterial genes that are easily and rapidly spread through an entire bacterial colony. Why are plasmids of particular concern to humans?
A) They carry genes for antibiotic resistance. B) They carry genes that code for substances that are toxic to humans. C) They carry genes that code for flagellae. D) They carry genes that enable bacteria to metabolize glucose.