Your friends Andre and Mia are both above average in intelligence and they are concerned that their new daughter Diane will be intelligent also
They want to know what they can do to shape Diane's environment to increase the chances that she will be above average in intelligence. What can you tell them about the effects of heredity and environment on intelligence?
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer will be similar to the following:
Both heredity and environment influence intelligence. Studies of twins and adopted children provide support for the importance of heredity in influencing intelligence. In twin studies, identical twins have more similar IQ scores than do fraternal twins or other non-twin siblings. Studies comparing adopted children's IQs to those of their biological and adoptive parents have shown that as children grow older their IQs become more similar to their biological parents' IQs. The environment also is important in shaping one's intelligence. Parental behavior is an important aspect of the environment. Children with high IQ scores have parents who are responsive, stimulating, and highly involved. Also, having a variety of toys that are age-appropriate in an organized environment is associated with higher test scores. Diane probably received genes for above average intelligence from her parents and they will probably provide a stimulating environment that nurtures Diane's intellectual development.
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Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Which of the following did the Whiting studies demonstrate about early childhood?
a. Little is expected of children this age around the world. b. There are large differences in rates of increasing child independence across cultures. c. There are similarities in rates of increasing child independence across cultures. d. The social world of the child is genetically driven.
Many students in our social psychology courses over the years have complained that Sherif only used generally equivalent White, male, preteens in his study. What would your hypotheses be if we were able to replicate this study using a different type of participant, such as all girls, all poor children, or all adults? What might happen if the participants were not selected to be similar to each other but were allowed to come from different outgroups?
What will be an ideal response?
To measure the activity-level of patients confined to wheelchairs, a researcher sticks white tape on the wheels of their wheelchairs, then measures the amount of dirt that accumulates on the tape. This is an example of a (an) measure
a. unobtrusive b. unreliable c. physiological d. nominal e. undisguised