Regarding Beck's views on depression, which of the following definitions of cognitive errors and negative schema is NOT correct?
A. In a self-blame schema, depressed individuals feel personally responsible for every bad thing that happens.
B. Arbitrary inference means that a depressed individual emphasizes the positive rather than the negative aspects of a situation.
C. In a negative self-evaluation schema, depressed individuals believe that they can never do anything correctly.
D. Overgeneralization occurs when a small error is magnified to mean something much more significant.
Answer: B
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A pathway considered important to our experience of reward and pleasure originates in the ventral tegmentum. Where would we look to find this area?
a. in the spinal cord b. in the hindbrain c. in the midbrain d. in the forebrain
Susan thinks it is a waste of time and money to repeat an experiment that has already been done, even if it was only done once before. How would a scientist be most likely to respond?
a. Repeating experiments is an important part of training scientists but has little other use. b. Repeating experiments is a waste of time and should not be funded by government grants. c. Government grants do not fund this type of experimentation, so interested scientists must seek other funding. d. Repeating experiments helps ensure the results are reliable and is an important part of science.
By the time they enter the 11th grade, what percentage of adolescents have experienced a romantic relationship at some point?
80% 70% 60% 50%
Which of the following statements is true regarding the influence of schooling on fostering mature moral reasoning?
A) Higher education introduces young people to social issues that extend beyond personal relationships to entire political or cultural groups. B) Moral reasoning is explicitly taught in college and university settings. C) When young people do not attend school, they often engage in deviant behavior, which has a negative impact on moral reasoning. D) Students who attend college must have advanced moral reasoning in order to be successful in a competitive environment.