Describe the key functions of the major pathways in the visual cortex.
What will be an ideal response?
The primary visual cortex (V1) sends information to the secondary visual cortex (area V2), which processes the information further and transmits it to additional areas. The connections in the visual cortex are reciprocal. For example, V1 sends information to V2, and V2 returns information to V1. From V2, the information branches out in several directions for specialized processing. Researchers distinguish between the ventral stream and the dorsal stream. They call the ventral stream through the temporal cortex the "what" pathway, because it is specialized for identifying and recognizing objects. The dorsal stream through the parietal cortex, once called the "where" pathway, is now called the "how" pathway, because of its importance for visually guided movements. Although the distinction between ventral and dorsal pathways is useful, we should not overstate it. Normal behavior makes use of both pathways in collaboration (Farivar, 2009), and although damage to either pathway impairs some tasks more than others, it affects all tasks to some degree.
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What would happen if psychologists did not periodically revise IQ tests?
a. Females would start scoring higher than males. b. Males would start scoring higher than females. c. The mean score on the tests would gradually increase. d. The mean score on the tests would gradually decrease.
What reasons have been put forth for the increase in depression from the preschool to elementary school years, and from childhood to adolescence?
What will be an ideal response?
Avoidant, emotion-based coping may be beneficial in the short term because this coping style gives your body time to recover from the physiological responses to and the shock of the stressor. For example, if you are diagnosed with cancer, and you are so anxious you can not function, it may benefit you to be emotion-focused and to cope with your emotions first and then deal with the issue later
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The conjugate reinforcement procedure is based on
a. classical conditioning. b. operant conditioning c. familiarization.d invisible displacement