Compare and contrast two or three intellectual development disorders discussed in the text in terms of behavioral phenotypes and specific genotypes
What will be an ideal response?
• Down syndrome
o Genotype: extra 21st chromosome (also known as trisomy 21)
o Behavioral phenotypes: distinct facial features, heart problems, poor muscle tone; mild to severe cognitive and language delays; strengths include visual short-term memory, usually happy and easy-going ("Prince Charming"), few maladaptive behaviors; some externalizing and internalizing symptoms
• Williams syndrome
o Genotype: microdeletion on chromosome 7
o Behavioral phenotypes: deficits in cognitive functioning and spatial skills; strengths in language and music domains; strengths in empathy and reading facial and emotions in others; quite social which may lead to concerns about boundaries and possibility of victimization; numerous fears and anxieties
• Fragile X syndrome
o Genotype: mutation on the FMRI gene; more common in boys
o Behavioral phenotypes: fewer physical characteristics but can have large head circumferences, loose joints, and unusual facial features; several behavior difficulties including anxiety, poor attention, and low adaptability; difficulties relating to others; autistic-like behaviors
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Children pass through three stages of religious development, the first of which is __________.
A. preoperational intuitive religious thought B. sensorimotor religious thought C. concrete operational religious thought D. formal operational religious thought
Temperaments are inherited from our parents and strongly influenced by genes
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Jane has a job interview this morning. She hasn't worked for a year, as she was seeking treatment for depression and was unable to meet the demands of employment
Jane also has limitations on what she can do in the workplace due to partial blindness in one eye. If the interviewer were to discriminate against Jane, which factor is the most likely one to be an issue? a) Jane's gender (female) b) Jane's physical disability c) Jane's mental illness d) Jane's gap in employment history
The trichromatic theory of color vision states that all colors humans experience result from a mixture of ________.
A. white, red, orange B. green, yellow, blue C. red, blue, and green D. black, yellow, green