Which category of the MTC:R3’s aggression variable is characterized by extreme violence and desire to degrade the victim?

A. expressive aggression
B. instrumental aggression
C. strategic violence
D. sadistic violence


A. expressive aggression

Criminal Justice

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To formulate a successful strategy for recovering relevant physical evidence at crime scenes, on what must the investigator ultimately rely?

a. Reference material b. Experience c. Training d. The lead investigator

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A well-known program, __________________, is a problem-oriented policing intervention aimed at reducing youth homicide and youth firearms violence in Boston.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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Developed nations have sometimes avoided high crime rates by:

a. adopting a capitalist economy. b. hiring criminologists as political advisers. c. maintaining traditional group ties. d. developing effective police forces.

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Which of the following statements is FALSE about criminal defense attorneys?

A. Most have a regular clientele. B. Some defense attorneys rely on police officers, bail agents, and court clerks to give their names to defendants who need counsel. C. The private attorney's fee in a criminal case is generally a flat fee paid in advance. D. Most earn a modest, middle-class living.

Criminal Justice