A client is having difficulty perceiving different colors. The nurse realizes the client may have a disorder that affects the photosensitive receptor cells of the retina, which makes the perception of color possible, or a disorder that affects the:
1. rods.
2. cones.
3. optic discs.
4. irises.
2
Other neurosensory elements located in the retina are cones, which mediate color vision. Rods mediate black-and-white vision. The optic disc and iris are not responsible for color vision.
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The nurse explains that the increase in circulating volume experienced during pregnancy will cause:
a. shortness of breath. b. frontal headaches. c. decreased white blood cell count. d. decreased hemoglobin.
NAP competence is built upon a number of factors. Which of the following is not one of these factors?
a. formal training and assessment b. orientation to specific settings and patient types c. experience in implementing nursing care d. communication
A patient with class IV heart failure has been receiving care in the cardiac critical care unit and attempts to wean the patient from inotropic support have been unsuccessful
The care team has appraised the benefits and deficits of a ventricular assist device (VAD) and will present this option to the patient's family. When teaching the patient's family about this intervention, what description should the nurse provide? A) "A VAD is inserted to supplement the heart's ability to pump blood from the heart to the rest of the body." B) "A VAD regulates the electrical activity in the heart and coordinates the pumping action to increase efficiency." C) "A VAD increases the size of the blood vessels downstream from the heart so that circulation is easier and more efficient." D) "A VAD involves the insertion of a balloon into a major blood vessel to improve the strength and volume of circulation."
A patient is admitted with fluid-volume overload. The nurse realizes the laboratory value that supports this finding is:
1. Serum sodium level 130 mEq/L. 2. Serum potassium level 4.6 mEq/L. 3. Serum calcium level 9.8 mg/dL. 4. Serum phosphorous level 4.0 mg/dL.