A client is diagnosed with a first-degree strain of the left ankle related to running 5 miles daily. How would the nurse differentiate the first-degree strain from other strains and sprains?
A) The client has some edema of the left ankle with muscle spasms but is able to walk without assistive devices.
B) The client is unable to bear weight on the left ankle and has a large ecchymotic area.
C) The client has ecchymosis, edema, and has no function of the left foot and ankle.
D) The client complains of pain when the joint is moved and has mild edema.
A
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A first-degree strain involves mild stretching of the muscle or tendon, causing some edema and muscle spasm, but no real loss of function. The second-degree strain is partial tearing of muscle or tendon, leading to inability to bear weight and causing edema, muscle tenderness, muscle spasm, and ecchymosis. The third-degree tear is severe muscle and/or tendon tearing, causing severe pain, muscle spasm ecchymosis, edema, and loss of function. A first-degree sprain involves stretching of the ligament fibers characterized by mild edema, tenderness, and pain if the joint is moved.
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