What is the likely cellular response to ligand binding to a steroid receptor located in the nucleus?
A. a change in gene expression
B. activation of a kinase
C. initiation of a signal-transduction pathway
D. alteration in ion transport
A
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The clonal selection theory is an explanation for
A. how a single type of stem cell can produce both red blood cells and white blood cells. B. how antibody proteins can be molded to fit antigens after the antigen interacts with the antibody-producing type of cell. C. how an antigen can induce the multiplication of very few cells to result in production of high levels of specific antibodies. D. how HIV can disrupt the immune system. E. how macrophages can recognize specific T cells and B cells.
A colleague gives you two tubes containing membrane fractions from an animal cell lysate. One tube contains the plasma membrane fraction, and the other tube contains the mitochondrial inner membrane fraction, but the tubes are not labeled
When you analyze the macromolecule composition of the samples, you are confident that the second tube contains the mitochondrial fraction, because the sample has A) a higher ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids. B) a higher protein to lipid ratio. C) a lower protein to lipid ratio. D) more carbohydrate in glycoproteins. E) more GPI-anchored proteins.
Because genetic information is stored as a linear sequence of bases in DNA, any change in the order or number of
bases in a gene can result in a(n) ____________________ that produces an altered ____________________. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Hydrogen bonds
A) are involved in stabilizing the structure of proteins and nucleic acids. B) are responsible for the unique properties of water. C) are involved in stabilizing the structure of proteins and nucleic acids and form whenever hydrogen is involved in any covalent or ionic bond. D) are responsible for the unique properties of water and are involved in stabilizing the structure of proteins and nucleic acids. E) form whenever hydrogen is involved in any covalent or ionic bond.