Which Supreme Court decision effectively ended the hands-off doctrine?
A) Ruffin v. the Commonwealth of Virginia
B) Bell v. Wolfish
C) Cooper v. Pate
D) Pell v. Procunier
Answer: C
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Truth-in-sentencing laws have been passed to restrict the use of:
A. "good time." B. creative punishments. C. determinate sentences. D. sentencing disparity.
Child abuse laws often provide for more severe punishment for battery on a child than for battery on an adult because:
a. children cannot defend themselves. b. legislatures pass laws to get elected again. c. child welfare agencies lobbied for stricter laws. d. none of the above
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Amicus curiae briefs are filed at the disposition stage of the court process. 2. A well-trained psychologist can accurately predict whether or not an individual will be dangerous in all situations. 3. A not guilty plea sets the trial process in motion. 4. Violence risk assessments are primarily conducted in correctional institutions. 5. Empirical literature has consistently supported the superiority of clinical data over actuarial data for the prediction of violence.
Cities that have decided on noncooperation with federal immigration enforcement are known as ____________ cities.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).