Discuss the role of technology in the rise of empires in Mesopotamia
What will be an ideal response?
During the course of the second millennium B.C.E., all of Mesopotamia felt the effects of a new technology: iron. Cheaper to produce and more durable than bronze, iron represented new, superior technology. In addition to their iron weapons, the Hittites made active use of horse-drawn war chariots, which provided increased speed and mobility in battle. The combination of war chariots and iron weapons gave the Hittites clear military superiority over all of Mesopotamia.
As iron technology spread slowly throughout the Near East, it transformed the ancient world. Iron was used to build arched bridges, aqueducts, and other architecture necessary for good infrastructure. Iron tools also contributed to increased agricultural production, which in turn supported an increased population. In the wake of the Iron Age, numerous small states came to flower, bringing with them major cultural innovations.
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